67 year old male with sob since 10 days,pedal and facial edema since 8 days

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A 67 year old Male R/O Devarakonda , came to the casualty on 2nd December 2023 with complaints of Shortness of breath since 10 days and pedal & facial  edema since 8 days 

HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:

Patient  came in drowsy but arousable state to the casualty . He was apparently asymptomatic 10 days back , then he developed Shortness of breath which is insidious in onset, gradually progressive in nature, aggravating on exertion and relieved on taking rest, progressed from grade II to grade III- IV (Modified MRC) 

Orthopnea, Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea present

C/O Bilateral pedal edema below knees , facial puffiness and periorbital edema since 8 days , insidious onset, gradually progressive in nature , no diurnal variation, pitting type I.

C/o decreased urine output and decreased appetite since 5days 

No C/o chest pain, palpitations, profuse sweating,

No c/o fever, cold, cough, nausea, vomiting, loose stools.

His daily routine is waking up at 6: 00 am, breakfast as idli/upma at 8:00 am . He used to have his lunch as rice and curry , sambhar/rasam at 1: 00 pm .He usually haves his dinner as chapati/upma/rice and curry at 8:00pm and goes to bed by 9:00 pm.

The patient used to lead a normal life before this 15days .

HISTORY OF PAST ILLNESS:

K/c/o asthma since 10yrs -on medication

N/K/C/O DM, CAD, CVD, Thyroid, epilepsy

K/C/O HTN 6 yrs ago and used medication for 3 yrs and stopped as BP was under control

H/O TB 30 yrs ago

FAMILY  HISTORY: 

Not significant 

PERSONAL HISTORY:

Married

Shop keeper by occupation

Diet: Mixed

Appetite: decreased

Sleep: adequate

Urine output decreased

Bowel movements: Regular

Addictions: Alcohol occasionally

Allergies: no known

GENERAL EXAMINATION: 

Patient is drowsy due to sedation, coherent to time , place, person.

Ht: 155cm      Wt: 58 kg

Pallor: present 

Icterus: absent

Clubbing: absent

Cyanosis: absent

Koilonychia: absent

Lymphadenopathy: absent

Post intubation vitals: Vitals: Temp: 98 F

BP: 90/60 mmHg

PR: 102 bpm

RR: 15 cpm ACMV mode

SpO2: 100% at 5 litre O2

GRBS: 126 mg%

SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION:

RS:

Orthopnea +

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea +

wheeze +

Central position of trachea

NVBS +

CVS:

S1 S2 heard

No murmurs

No thrills


ABDOMEN:

Shape of abdomen: mildly distended

No tenderness

No palpable mass

No bruits

Liver and spleen- not palpable

Bowel sounds heard


CNS:

drowsy but arousable 

no neck stiffness

kernig's sign negative

cranial nerves: normal

motor - intact

sensory - intact

Glasgow scale E2V2M2 = 6/15


MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM: normal

SKIN: normal

ENT: normal

TOOTH & ORAL CAVITY: normal


PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:











Provisional diagnosis:- ?Acute kidney injury
4 dialysis were done for this patient

Patient intubated on 4/12/23 I/vo respiratory failure and low GCS
Hb:- 8.3
TLC:-12700
N/l/E/M:- 86/10/1/3
Plt:- 1.4 lakh
Urea:- 125 ( on admission 170)
Creatinine:-3.8 ( on admission 4.3)
Na+:-138
K+:-3
Cl-:- 98
Ph:-7.32
Pco2:- 46.6
PO2:- 119
HCO3:-23.3
O2:-98.2
Diagnosis:- uraemic encephalopathy,acute kidney injury on CKD with heart failure(EF-51%)
O/e patient is still sedated
Acmv:- VC mode,E1V1M1
Fio2:- 30
PEEp:- 4
RR:- 16cpmv
Cvs:- S1,S2 heard no murmurs
RS:- BAE present,crepts present in right maxillary area, infra axillary area.

Treatment 

IVF NS 100ml IV 100ml/hr

Inj.noradrenalin @2mcg/min to maintain MAP >65mmhg

Inj.midazolam 2400mcg/hr

Ryles feeds 50 ml 2nd hourly

Inj.piptaz 2.25 gm IV TID

Inj.linezolid 600mg IV BD 

Et tube suction 2nd hourly

Chest physiotherapy 

Patient vitals remained same until 7/12/23

Midazolam IV stopped to try to extubate the patient,patient didn't regain the consciousness and passed away after few days even after performing quality CPR and giving the all necessary drugs

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